An Introduction to Insulation


Although insulation is an important element of any building, it is often the least understood. Many people aren’t aware of the multiple places energy is lost in a home. As an Owens Corning® Certified Energy Expert®, we understand the science behind the building envelope, so turn to us to learn more about how to increase your home’s energy efficiency by minimizing air leakage and heat gains or losses.

Why Insulate?
Insulation lays a foundation of energy efficiency for residential, commercial and industrial structures. It is one of the most cost-effective ways to save energy and reduce monthly utility bills. Whether you are remodeling a home or building a new business, well-installed insulation offers a host of short-term and long-term advantages:

  • Reduced energy usage
  • Reduced heating and cooling costs
  • Increased, more consistent comfort all year
  • Reduced noise for a quieter space
  • Improved air quality
  • Reduced moisture intrusion
  • Less wear and tear on HVAC equipment
  • Less overall environmental impact

Your House as a System
Though insulation is one of the most essential and cost-effective ways to create overall efficiency, there are many factors to take into consideration. Insulation and air sealing combined with energy-efficient appliances, windows, doors, lighting and HVAC equipment build a whole-house efficiency system that will prove beneficial throughout the year and for years to come.

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Think doors and windows are at the top of your heat’s escape plan? Think again. Walls, ceilings, floors and ducts can account for 90% of heat loss if not properly air sealed.

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    How Insulation Works


    Heat flows from higher temperature areas to lower temperature areas, creating temperature fluctuation within a space. Insulation wraps your home in a protective blanket, reducing heat flow altogether in order to keep the heat out during warmer months and the heat in during cooler months.

    The “R” in R-value stands for resistance to heat flow. The higher the R-value, the higher the level of resistance and the greater the insulating power. R-value requirements vary depending on climate and building type, and varies by insulation product.

    An excellent noise absorber, insulation also works to reduce sound transmission from both outside and within a home, creating a quieter space with less reverberation. Insulation, when combined with air sealing, forms a comprehensive system that helps maintain consistent temperatures and moisture levels within a home, reduce energy usage and increase monthly utility savings.

    Where to Insulate
    Insulation should be installed in walls, floors, attic space, basement and crawlspace. A more detailed list includes:

    • Ceilings with unheated spaces above, including dormer ceilings
    • Knee walls of attic spaces finished as living areas
    • Sloped walls and ceilings of attics finished as living areas
    • Cathedral or vaulted ceilings
    • Around perimeters of slabs
    • Floors above vented crawl spaces
    • Floors over unheated or open spaces such as over garages or porches
    • Basement walls
    • Band and header joists
    • Interior walls, ceilings or floors where extra sound control is desired
    • Floors over unconditioned basements

    Insulation Types & Materials
    Insulation is manufactured in a variety of forms and materials to suit a range of efficiency, structural and budgetary needs. Each option brings its own level of durability, versatility, R-value and cost.

    Insulation Types

    • Batt & Roll
    • Loose Fill
    • Rigid Foam
    • Spray Foam

    Insulation Materials

    • Fiberglass
    • Cellulose
    • Spray Foam
    • Radiant Barrier (warm climates)

    Things to Consider When Insulating

    • What type of insulation is being used?
    • Does the insulation meet or exceed local building codes and national recommended insulation levels?
    • How effective is the insulation (thermal performance, acoustical performance)?
    • Is the insulation resistant to moisture absorption and mold growth?
    • Does the insulation settle over time, making it less effective?
    • Is the insulation material safe and sustainable?
    • Is the insulation cost effective?

    If you still have questions, we have answers!
    Visit our Insulation FAQs page for even more insulation information.

    Insulation FAQ